supply temperature a conventional (3G) district-heating network needs on its winter curve; any DC return below it — including warm-water DLC at 45–60 °C — still needs a heat-pump lift to feed it (smaller the warmer the return); low-temperature 4G networks can take warm returns directly
60–80 °Cestimate
| Value kind | estimate — Interpret this value according to its displayed kind, scope, source, and as-of date. |
|---|---|
| Scope | Network-specific and seasonal, not a design constant: IEA DHC STEP uses 80/40 °C as its conventional reference pair and 55/25 °C for low-temperature networks, with 60/35 °C the step at which server waste heat becomes directly usable. Model the actual network's supply/return curve, minimum delivery temperature, connection pressure, and heat-exchanger approach. |
| As of | 2025 |
| Source | IEA DHC Annex XII STEP final report; Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews review |
| Review | checking…review by 2027-03-01 · standard cadence |
| Recorded changes | last 2026-09-04 · 3 revisions tracked |
| Claim id | supply-temperature-a-conventional-3g-district |
Where the guide uses it
← Full numbers register — every date-stamped figure in the guide, with revision history.